Sound-Letter+Relationships

Sound-Letter Knowledge (SLK, #1-2)
 * Essential to literacy, includes:
 * knowledge of letter names and associated sounds
 * knowledge about how sounds and letters relate in English (knowing that /b/ is represented by the letter **//b//** and sh stands for the sound /**//sh///**
 * recognition of previously seen words
 * ability to figure out pronunciation of unfamiliar words
 * Phonics not phonological awareness!
 * Develops from no knowledge of the alphabet to understanding that allows us to decode difficult and unfamiliar words.

Stages of Word Development:
 * 1) Pre-Alphabetic: reading words from memory of appearance
 * 2) Partial Alphabetic: recall words by sight, begin to detect letters in words
 * 3) Full-Alphabetic: matching sounds to the letters the see
 * 4) Consolidated Alphabetic: spelling chunks
 * 5) Automatic-Alphabetic: highly developed automaticity and speed in identifying new words

Alphabetic Principle:
 * Letters represent sounds and words are made of patterns of letters and their corresponding sounds. (SLK, #3)
 * Learn the alphabet before reading and writing
 * Name each letter and its sound
 * Multiple sounds
 * Once the alphabetic principle is mastered, they can begin to read words

Sight Words:
 * any word that can be ready automatically
 * high frequency words: she, the, was, not sight words

Different Approaches to Decoding •Decoding: identifying sounds of individual letters or clusters of letters and blending them •Analogy: recognizing a new word based on an already known word (e.g. recognizing mat because of previous knowledge of at) •Prediction: guessing what the words might be based on initial letters, words before and after in the text, or contextual cues •Sight: reading automatically words that have already been committed to memory (SLK, #4)

Letter/Sound Assessment Example:

Sound Letter Knowledge PowerPoint Slides: