Fluency

What is fluency? (TE 301, Fluency #1 & #2)
 * FLUENCY**
 * Ability to read:
 * accurately
 * quickly
 * smoothly
 * naturally
 * expressively
 * syntactical units
 * with appropriate phrasing
 * in ways that appear fairly automatic and effortless
 * Accuracy: decoding and word recognition
 * Automaticity: reading rate: automatically and accurately read words at a "natural" rate
 * Prosody: reading with expression: stress, pitch, and appropriate text phrasing

media type="youtube" key="Q93qiBXG_to" height="344" width="425" Importance of Fluency: (Hasbrouck)
 * The more fluent a reader, the better they are able to devote their attention to comprehension.
 * Fluency Increases:
 * develop automaticity
 * practice repeated readings of texts
 * feedback and guidance from others
 * ~ National Assessment of Educational Progress Fluency Scale ||
 * Fluent || Level 4 || Reads primarily in larger, meaningful phrase groups. Although some regressions, repetitions, and deviations from text may be present, these do not appear to detract from the overall structure of the story. Preservation of the author's syntax is consistent. some or most of the story is read with expressive interpretation. ||
 * Fluent || Level 3 || Reads primarily in three- or four-word phrase groups. Some small groupings may be present. however, the majority of phrasing seems appropriate and preserves the syntax of the author. Little or no expressive interpretation is present. ||
 * Non-Fluent || Level 2 || Reads primarily in two-word phrases with some three- or four-word groupings. Some word-by-word reading may be present. Word groupings may seem awkward and unrelated to larger context of sentence or passage ||
 * Non-Fluent || Level 1 || Reads primarily word-by-word. Occasional two-word or three-word phrases may occur but these are infrequent and/or they do not preserve meaningful syntax. ||

Formulas:

Words Correct Per Minute (WCPM) -One minute of reading Total Number of Words Read - Number of Errors = WCPM

Accuracy Rate Correct # of words read/total # of words read=Percent Accuracy media type="custom" key="4875591"

Suggested Reading Rates: ELL Students Benefits: Special Needs Benefits:
 * || Fall || Winter || Spring ||
 * First Grade || 37-76 || 42-90 || 56-105 ||
 * Second Grade || 53-82 || 78-106 || 94-124 ||
 * Third Grade || 79-107 || 93-123 || 114-142 ||
 * Fourth Grade || 99-125 || 112-133 || 118-143 ||
 * Fifth Grade || 105-126 || 118-143 || 128-151 ||
 * listening to models
 * repeated readings
 * choral reading
 * partner reading
 * repeated reading
 * paired reading and rereading
 * additional feedback
 * progress monitoring

Helpful Activities:
 * high frequency words
 * readers theater
 * each and choral reading
 * phrase boundaries
 * paired reading
 * repeated reading
 * computer based/tape assisted reading

Fluency PowerPoint: